Another short note mostly so that I have this more readily at hand.
The pacdiff tool uses vimdiff, so the vim parts are already familiar.
The two key pacdiff option are -s (--sudo) and -b (--backup); both self-explanatory.
I found this comment on a Reddit post asking about pacdiff – the comment is the most useful part, therefore excerpting it here:
Simply type
pacdiff -sand it will run sudoedit to merge the files. Usevto open vim with the pacnew file on the left, and the working file on the right with the focus on the pacnew file. Step through the changed hunks with]c[move backward through the chunks with[c] and thendpto push the chunk to the working file, or edit the working file as you want. Then exit from vim and typerto remove the pacnew. Sometimes I may pull changes to the pacnew withdo(e.g. if you mostly want the pacnew version) and thenoto overwrite with pacnew.
This post has some more helpful detail if needed (although parts seem…different…from what comes up on my screen). There’s also a video linked in the Reddit post comments that has a helpful visual walkthrough of vimdiff, albeit in the context of git.